Sotos syndrome (cerebral gigantism or Sotos-Dodge syndrome) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth during the early years of life. Excessive growth frequently begins in infancy and continues into the early adolescent years. The disease may come with autism, moderate intellectual disability, delayed cognitive, motor, and social growth, hypotonia (reduced muscle tone), and speech impairments. Kids with Sotos syndrome have a tendency to be high at birth and tend to be taller, thicker, and have comparatively huge skulls (macrocephaly) than is standard for their age. Signs of this disease, which differ among people, include a disproportionately large skull using a slightly protrusive eyebrow, big hands and feet, big mandible, hypertelorism (an abnormally increased distance between the eyes)(big inter-pupillary space), and down slanting eyes. Even though most cases of Sotos syndrome happen occasionally, familial cases also have been reported. It’s comparable to Weaver syndrome.
Signs and symptoms of Sotos syndrome
This illness is characterized by overgrowth and innovative bone age. Affected people are dysmorphic, with macrodolichocephaly, down-slanting palpebral fissures along with a pointed chin. The facial appearance is the most notable in early youth. Affected infants and kids have a tendency to grow fast; they’re considerably taller than their sisters and brothers, and also have a remarkably big skull and big head. Adult height is generally in the normal selection, though Broc Brown gets the condition and has been named the planet’s tallest adolescent. As of late 2016, he had been seven’8″ and still climbing.
People with Sotos syndrome frequently have intellectual impairment, and many also have behavioral issues. Regular behavioral impairments comprise attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), phobias, obsessive-compulsive disease, tantrums, and spontaneous behaviors(impulse control disease). Issues with language and speech can also be common. Affected people may frequently have stuttering, problem with audio manufacturing, or even a monotone voice. Furthermore, weak muscle tone (hypotonia) can delay different facets of early growth, especially motor skills like bending and sitting.
Other signs include scoliosis, seizures, heart or kidney defects, hearing loss, and problems with vision. Some infants with this disorder experience jaundice and poor feeding. A small number of patients with Sotos syndrome have developed cancer, most often in childhood, but no single form of cancer has been associated with this condition. It remains uncertain whether Sotos syndrome increases the risk of specific types of cancer. If persons with this disorder have any increased cancer risk, their risk is only slightly greater than that of the general population.
Treatment of Sotos syndrome
Treatment is symptomatic. There is no standard course of treatment for Sotos syndrome.
